"The Land of the Blue Sky" as it is called due to the vastness and the barrenness where the green of the grass and the blue of the skies are mostly the only visible sights to the traveller. They say in Mongolia, the land moves on forever. This is because the geography is unfenced and unbound. The terrain consists of the Gobi desert in the south, cold mountainous regions like the Altai, the Hangyan (Khangai), and the Hentiyn (Khentel) run across the north and west, while the rest is made up of steppes, that are home to thousands of whitetail gazelles and other species. Mongolia's 1,564,160 km² total area is positioned in high, cold, and windy terrain. The highest point to date is the Khüiten Peak, one of the 5 peaks of Tavan Bogd Uul, with an altitude of 4,374 metres and the lowest, Hoh Nuur at an atypical high of 518 metres above sea level. Ulan Bataar is the nation's capital known to be the capital with the lowest average temperature of −0.7 °C (30.7 °F), than any other in the world.

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That being said, besides Mongolia's geographic composition, the region's precise global location between Russia and China (47 55 N, 106 55 E), resulted in its viciously cold climate and predisposition to sporadic harsh climatic conditions, the zud, that poses terrible challenge not only to the travellers, but the locals and their livestock more importantly. By classification, the 19th largest country suffers a extreme continental climate where markedly, the summers are short, extreme and hot (38 °C), whereas the winters are long and harsh (−40 °C), sometimes bringing in snowstorms most recently in 2009, killed 2000 livestock and 5 people. The best time to be here in Mongolia is during the summer for the simple reason that the winter is insufferably cold. Other natural hazards include dust storms and grassland/forest fires.